The menopause is defined as 12 months without a period since the last one, and in Turkey it most often occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. During the transition before it, periods may become irregular, with shorter or longer gaps. For some women this lasts a few months, for others several years.
Hot flushes and night sweats are the most frequently described symptoms. Disturbed sleep, vaginal dryness, urinary symptoms, joint aches and mood swings may also occur. Their severity varies greatly; some women pass through this stage with only mild symptoms.
Falling oestrogen levels can also affect bone and cardiovascular health in the long term. A diet with enough calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise such as walking, stopping smoking and maintaining a healthy weight are the core habits that support your health at this stage. Blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol should also be checked at regular intervals.
If symptoms are affecting your daily life, hormonal or non-hormonal treatment options may be considered alongside lifestyle changes. Each option has possible benefits and risks, and suitability is decided after assessing your personal and family history.
The menopause is not an illness but a new stage of life. Talk openly with your doctor about the changes you are experiencing and the options that suit you. Any vaginal bleeding after the menopause needs to be examined; for urgent symptoms such as chest pain or sudden shortness of breath, call 112 or your local emergency number.
Medical content prepared by the doctor · Dr. Elif Sarıkaya